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The Case For Documenting Death

Print This Post Print This Post    12 Mar 2007 in In Depth by Ian MacKenzie

Skulls at the Killing Fields in Cambodia

The stacked skulls at the site of the killing fields, Cambodia.

In the journey for the authentic, we inevitably find ourselves confronted with the horrors of humanity’s past.

Famine. War. Genocide. Not only do these spectres haunt the tourist’s path, but they’re increasingly part of the tour.

I found myself face to face with these demons on my trip to the Killing Field’s of Cambodia, a topic I’ve touched on numerous times in the past.

“I have been a witness, and these pictures are my testimony. The events I have recorded should not be forgotten and must not be repeated.” - James Nachtwey

I remember standing before the tower of skulls, the instruments of torture, and the remnants of mass graves, and removing my digital camera from my pack.

I had never known the stories of the victims, nor would I ever understand the trauma experienced by those still living. Perhaps that is why I struggled with the dilemma of documenting this death.

A part of me felt like a crass tourist, simply collecting photographs just like any other scene - no different than the motivation behind a snapshot of the Eiffel Tower or an elephant ride.

But another side of me felt compelled to bear witness, fulfilling the solemn duty of the traveler to collect evidence of sorrow in order to share it with their friends and family, who would likely never see these places on their own.

To Reflect A Human Being

Recently, I posed this dilemma to the travel community at 9rules, and received some thoughtful replies.

Gnorb wrote:

“I say document it. Too many people don’t realize the true horrors of places like these, and while reading a story is no substitute for actually going to the place, at least information is out there about what has happened.”

Kristin, a photographer, confessed she’s debated this topic many times with other photographers.

“Really.. it just depends in the manner of which you do it. If it is tasteful and respectful then I’m all for it. We had to take this photography ethics course in school and I’ll always remember what my professor said: “How does the photo reflect on you as a photographer and a human being, and does it show the subject with a degree of integrity.”

In my own example, with the subjects long since dust, the judgment on their preservation of integrity is left up those living. Or more accurately, the survivors that endure.

Three BuddhasTin Tin, our guide one afternoon in the weeks after the Killing Fields, was only too adamant in sharing his personal history.

He spent months as a boy in a Khmer Rouge work camp, half-starved and worked to death, at one point forced to inadvertently poison his own mother. He had little knowledge of Pol Pot and his agrarian reform, yet only knew he must survive.

We listened in disbelief, unable to fathom such sadness. Yet I believe he told us for the sole reason of hearing his tragedy, not to solicit our pity, but to prevent us from stumbling down the same path.

Since, as we all know, societies are often doomed to repeat the same mistakes.

Confronting Our Own Truth

Having spent two months in Southeast Asia, I returned home and collected all the photographs, all the video clips, and all the memories. I arranged them into folders, neat and tidy, and marveled at how little disk space such a span of your life can occupy.

I set about editing the trip into a DVD.

Each section was a rousing 5-6 minutes of compelling visuals and music, meant to entertain as much as invoke envy in my future audience.

When it came time to include the section from the killing fields, I hesitated.

It was an infinitely sobering montage of torture chambers, shallow graves, and black and white photographs preserving the dead. Did it belong in the middle of an otherwise uplifting travel slideshow?

But then I remembered my promise to Tin Tin and the rest of the Khmer I met on the road. I promised to share their story.

For that reason, the final cut of the film included the Cambodian interlude. And in a small way, I feel like I kept my promise.

Ian MacKenzie is editor of Brave New Traveler, and co-founder of the blogging community TravelBlogger. Aside from writing, he spends his time exploring the fundamental nature of existence and wishing he did more backpacking.

Have you had a similar experience on your travels? How do you decide what to capture and what to leave alone?

Ian MacKenzie

Ian MacKenzie is the founder and editor of Brave New Traveler. Aside from writing, he spends his time exploring the fundamental nature of existence and wishing he did more backpacking.

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8 Comments »

  1. Comment by pam — March 12, 2007

    Last night I listened to a public radio documentary about Jewish rituals related to death. I mention that because it’s right at the front of my mind right now. This is semantic hairsplitting, perhaps, I wonder if there’s a difference between documenting death, which happened in the piece I listened to, and in documenting genocide or murder. There’s an episode of Globe Trekker where Ian Wright (man, I love him) goes to Cambodia and he doesn’t shy away from the history. These things are part of history - shying away from them would be like only showing the gorgeous plantations of the US South with no mention of the civil war. History is part of travel, and not all of it is pretty.

    I’m ramblng, I’ll stop.

  2. Comment by ianmack — March 12, 2007

    Hi Pam, thanks for your comments! I agree, to visit a place you have to confront its history, otherwise you’re basically subscribing to its Disney-fication. Safe and sanitized…and wholly artificial. “History is part of travel, and not all of it is pretty.” An excellent quote.

  3. Comment by Madeleine — March 12, 2007

    Hey Ian, you were right -fantastic article.

    I believe there is a difference between documenting death and glorifying it. A difference between simply recording the events as you saw them or the people as they died and sensationalizing everything to make it more dramatic or horrifying.

    I agree with Kristin’s photography prof, the way you handle such a delicate and emotional subject really does reflect on your values as a person. Having seen your dvd, I think you did a fine job of walking the line.

  4. Comment by Dave — March 12, 2007

    Ian - great post on a difficult subject. I’ve yet to experience places of past genocides such as Cambodia, Germany/Poland, and Armenia, however a trip to the US Holocaust Museum in DC last year was a very moving experience for me.

    Running into a rally for Darfur last year also made me stop and reflect on how little we’re collectively doing to stop the killing there, as it is seemingly not in the national interest of my country.

  5. Comment by The TravMonkey — March 13, 2007

    “A part of me felt like a crass tourist, simply collecting photographs just like any other scene”

    I felt exactly the same at the Killing Fields. It shocked me, but at the same time facinated me.

    I think it is important to document these things, too few people actually know what went on in Cambodia.

    The way everything is stripped bare for all to see in Cambodia is probably what is most shocking. For example the bones and clothes from the mass graves can be seen coming up through the earth. Whilst it did shock me, I think it really brought home the horrific events in Cambodia. If this was in the Western world it would probably be more sanitised and in turn have much less of an impact.

    I think it is very important to learn about these shocking events, they are part of History and part of Cambodia. So they should be reflected within your travel dvd.

  6. Comment by karen — March 13, 2007

    Ian - this lyrical article made something very clear for me. At the time we the Killing Fields, in the hot Cambodian sun, with hundreds of tourists milling about, I felt pre-occupied with what I should be feeling, what others were feeling, and generally trying to “gather” enough information so I could process the facts intelligibly.

    Your compilation of photos and video from that day allowed me to absorb, in the peace of my own living space (in an environment so far removed), this horrific experience. From a distance, but with the images so close, I was truly able to reflect on this genocide, allow my emotions to flow, find courage to tell others with integrity: I hadn’t just gaped at the numbers, facts and figures that I remember from that day.

    That’s why I think it’s important.

  7. Comment by JennDZ — March 13, 2007

    I am an anthropologist by trade and I have always held something close to my heart when going to another culture and then sharing parts of their stories with others when I got home. The question is: Do they want me to share the story?
    If so, then inevitably I do. Sometimes these things that are not well known are the very things needing to be heard…..
    But if it is something that is more sacred more secret, and I do not have permission to share then, then I will never.
    So you always have to be sure that what you say and share does not go against the very people you are trying to help by sharing.

  8. Comment by Maryam in Marrakech — March 15, 2007

    My Dad lived in Cambodia for 2 years (while I was living in Nepal). And I went on many trips there. I was astounded by the stories of horror I heard and the wells of sadness I saw. If ever there is a place that has been traumatized, I am afraid that is it.

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